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Compare Gibraltar (2005) - Christmas Island (2005)
Compare Gibraltar (2005) z Christmas Island (2005)
| Gibraltar (2005) | Christmas Island (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 17.8% (male 2,529/female 2,426)
15-64 years: 66% (male 9,442/female 8,970) 65 years and over: 16.2% (male 2,008/female 2,509) (2005 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
| Agriculture - products | none | NA |
| Airports | 1 (2004 est.) | 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 6.5 sq km
land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency. | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. |
| Birth rate | 10.87 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) | NA |
| Budget | revenues: $307 million
expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY00/01 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
| Capital | Gibraltar | The Settlement |
| Climate | Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers | tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season December to April |
| Coastline | 12 km | 138.9 km |
| Constitution | 30 May 1969 | Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Gibraltar |
conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
| Death rate | 9.18 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) | NA |
| Debt - external | $NA (2000 est.) | - |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | in 2003, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to remain a British colony and against a "total shared sovereignty" arrangement while demanding participation in talks between the UK and Spain; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar even greater autonomy | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | NA |
| Economy - overview | Self-sufficient Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 7% to the local economy, compared with 60% in 1984. The financial sector, tourism (almost 5 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. The financial sector, the shipping sector, and tourism each contribute 25%-30% of GDP. Telecommunications accounts for another 10%. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment. | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in the near future |
| Electricity - consumption | 96.76 million kWh (2002) | - |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2002) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2002) | - |
| Electricity - production | 104 million kWh (2002) | - |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
| Environment - current issues | limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant | NA |
| Ethnic groups | Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, German, North Africans | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
| Exchange rates | Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001), 0.6609 (2000)
note: the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound |
Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief Sir Francis RICHARDS (since 27 May 2003)
head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | NA | NA |
| Exports - commodities | (principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8% | phosphate |
| Exports - partners | France 19.4%, Spain 14.1%, Turkmenistan 12.1%, Switzerland 11.7%, Germany 10.1%, UK 9.1%, Greece 6.8% (2004) | Australia, NZ |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% (2002 est.) |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $27,900 (2000 est.) | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 36 8 N, 5 21 W | 10 30 S, 105 40 E |
| Geography - note | strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean |
| Highways | total: 29 km
paved: 29 km unpaved: 0 km (2002) |
total: 240 km
paved: 30 km unpaved: 210 km (2000) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
- |
| Imports | NA | NA |
| Imports - commodities | fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs | consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | Spain 19.9%, Russia 18.4%, UK 10.8%, Italy 8.8%, Germany 7.5%, US 5.1%, Sweden 4.7%, France 4.2% (2004) | principally Australia |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | - |
| Industries | tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 5.13 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1.5% (1998) | - |
| International organization participation | Interpol (subbureau), UPU | none |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; Court of Appeal | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | 14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (1999) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture negligible, industry 40%, services 60% | NA |
| Land boundaries | total: 1.2 km
border countries: Spain 1.2 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (2001) |
| Languages | English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese | English (official), Chinese, Malay |
| Legal system | English law | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 November 2003 (next to be held not later than February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7 |
unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 3 May 2003 (next to be held in 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 79.67 years
male: 76.8 years female: 82.7 years (2005 est.) |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: above 80% male: NA% female: NA% |
NA |
| Location | Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia |
| Map references | Europe | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 3 nm | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | total: 161 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 980,636 GRT/1,254,661 DWT
by type: barge carrier 3, bulk carrier 2, cargo 96, chemical tanker 21, container 22, passenger 3, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 11, roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 142 (Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, Finland 1, France 1, Germany 105, Greece 12, Iceland 1, Ireland 1, Italy 1, Latvia 1, Norway 8, Sweden 2, Switzerland 1, Taiwan 1, United Kingdom 3, United States 2) (2005) |
- |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK; the last British regular infantry forces left Gibraltar in 1992, replaced by the Royal Gibraltar Regiment | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| Military branches | Royal Gibraltar Regiment | - |
| National holiday | National Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) |
| Nationality | noun: Gibraltarian(s)
adjective: Gibraltar |
noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
| Natural hazards | NA | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | none | phosphate, beaches |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) | NA |
| People - note | - | the Australian Bureau of Statistics reports a population of 1,508 as of the 2001 Census |
| Political parties and leaders | Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association | none |
| Population | 27,884 (July 2005 est.) | 361 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | - |
| Population growth rate | 0.17% (2005 est.) | 0% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Gibraltar | Flying Fish Cove |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004) |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 78.1%, Church of England 7%, other Christian 3.2%, Muslim 4%, Jewish 2.1%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 0.9%, none 2.9% (2001 census) | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities
domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: country code - 350; radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-891; satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 24,512 (2002) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 9,797 (2002) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997) | NA |
| Terrain | a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 1.65 children born/woman (2005 est.) | NA |
| Unemployment rate | 2% (2001 est.) | - |
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